Contractions
De Linuxmemo.
Sommaire |
[modifier] BE
| Forme affirmative |
Forme négative |
Forme interro-négative |
|||
| I am |
I'm |
I am not |
I'm not |
||
| He is |
He's |
He is not |
He's not /
he isn't |
is he not ? |
isn't he ? |
| You are |
You're |
you are not |
you aren't |
are you not |
aren't you ? |
| I was not |
I wasn't |
was i not ? |
wasn't i ? |
||
| we were not |
we weren't |
were we not ? |
weren't we ? |
||
[modifier] HAVE
| Forme affirmative |
Forme négative |
Forme interro-négative |
|||
| I have |
I've |
I have not |
I haven't |
have i not ? |
haven't i ? |
| he has |
he's |
he has not |
he hasn't |
has he not ? |
hasn't he ? |
| you have |
you've |
you have not |
you haven't |
have you not
? |
haven't you |
| I had |
I'd |
I had not |
I hadn't |
had i not ? |
hadn't i ? |
[modifier] DO
| Forme affirmative |
Forme négative |
Forme interro-négative |
|||
| I do not |
I don't |
do i not ? |
don't i ? |
||
| he does not |
he doesn't |
does he not ? |
doesn't he ? |
||
| he did not |
he didn't |
did he not ? |
didn't he ? |
||
[modifier] WILL
| Forme affirmative |
Forme négative |
Forme interro-négative |
|||
| I will |
I'll |
I will not |
I won't |
will i not ? |
won't i ? |
| they will |
they'll |
they will not |
they won't |
will they
not ? |
won't they ? |
[modifier] SHOULD
| Forme affirmative |
Forme négative |
Forme interro-négative |
|||
| i should not |
I shouldn't |
should i not
? |
shouldn't i ? |
||
| i should have | i should've | i should not
have |
i shouldn't
have |
should i not
have ? |
shouldn't i
have ? |
[modifier] WOULD
| Forme affirmative |
Forme négative |
Forme interro-négative |
|||
| she would |
she'd |
she would not |
she wouldn't |
would she
not ? |
wouldn't she
? |
| she would
have |
she would've |
she would
not have |
she wouldn't
have |
would she
not have ? |
wouldn't she
have ? |
[modifier] CAN
| Forme affirmative |
Forme négative |
Forme interro-négative |
|||
| I cannot |
I can't |
can i not ? |
can't i ? |
||
[modifier] COULD
| Forme affirmative |
Forme négative |
Forme interro-négative |
|||
| I could not |
I couldn't |
could i not ? |
couldn't i ? |
||
[modifier] MUST
| Forme affirmative |
Forme négative |
Forme interro-négative |
|||
| I must not |
I mustn't |
must i not ? |
mustn't i ? |
||
[modifier] ATTENTION
Certaines contractions ont deux sens:
1. He'd peut être he had ou he would cela dépend du reste de la phrase They'd like to go to the park (conditionnel: they would like... ils aimeraient...) We'd finished dinner before they arrived (past perfect: we had finished dinner...)
2. she's peut être she is ou she has she's got two sisters ( she has got two sisters) she's twelve years old (she is twelve years old)
remarques:
a) La contraction 's ne s'emploie pas uniquement avec des pronoms personnels. Elle peut être utilisée avec des noms communs, des noms propres, les mots interrogatifs, here, there
* The train's late * Mummy's in the kitchen * Bob's arrived (has) * Where's my book? * Who 's eaten my porridge? (has) * Here 's your jacket * There's a dog in the garden
b) dans certains cas il y a deux contractions possibles.
He is not: he's not ou he isn't They are not: they're not ou they aren't
mais on ne mettra pas les deux contractions en même temps: they'ren't
c) à la forme affirmative on ne met pas de contraction lorsque l'auxiliaire est en fin de phrase.
* Are you ready? Yes we are et non we're * You are late! Yes I am (I'm)
d) forme interro-négative dans la forme non contractée not est placé après le sujet
Doesn't he sing? Does he not sing?
Ces contractions s'emploient dans le langage parlé ou pour écrire à des amis. Dans les autres cas on ne les utilise pas.
[modifier] gonna wanna...
ARGOT | EQUIVALENT PLUS CORRECT |
| wanna | want to, want a (vouloir) |
| oughta | ought to (devoir) |
| lotta | lot of (beaucoup de) |
| gonna | going to (futur proche) |
| gotcha | I got you (je t'ai bien eu, je t'ai fait une blague) |
| gimme | give me (donne-moi) |
| gotta | /have/ got to (je dois) |
| dunno | don't know (je ne sais pas) |
